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What is HL7 v2?

HL7 version 2 (HL7 v2.x) is a pipe-delimited message standard created in 1987. Despite being 35+ years old, it is still the most widely deployed health IT standard in the world — the backbone of hospital ADT feeds, lab results, and order messages in the vast majority of existing healthcare systems.

ADT^A01 — Admit Patient (HL7 v2 message)

MSH|^~\&|HIS|FNSP|LAB|FNSP|20240315120000||ADT^A01|MSG001|P|2.5
EVN|A01|20240315120000
PID|1||987654321^^^2.16.840.1.113883.2.9.4.3.2^ISO||Horváth^Jana||19850315|F|||Mlynská 12^^Bratislava^^81105^SK

Message structure

ConceptDescription
MSHMessage header — encoding, sender, receiver, timestamp, message type
PIDPatient identification — name, DOB, gender, address, identifiers
EVNEvent type — the trigger (A01 = admit, A08 = update, A18 = merge)
OBXObservation — a single result, used in lab messages (ORU^R01)
ORC/OBROrder and order detail — used in ORM (order) messages

HL7 v2 vs FHIR

  • Format: pipe-delimited text vs JSON/XML
  • Transport: MLLP (raw TCP) vs HTTP/REST
  • Query: no standard REST — messages are push-only
  • Status: dominant in internal hospital systems, being replaced at integration boundaries by FHIR
See also:CDAFHIR